大家都知道在翻译的过程中，汉语的词汇对应着不同的英语词汇，因此在不同情况下有着不同的用法，今天尚语翻译公司带大家了解汉英翻译的方法有哪些?

　　We all know that in the process of translation, Chinese words correspond to different English words, so they have different usages in different situations. Today, Shangyu translation company will show you how to translate Chinese into English?

　　一、增译法

　　1、 Incremental translation

　　指根据英汉 两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式，在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子，以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义。这种方式多半用在汉译英里。汉语无 主句较多，而英语句子一般都要有主语，所以在翻译汉语无主句的时候，除了少数可用英语无主 句、被动语态或"There be…"结构来翻译以外，一般都要根据语境补出主语，使句子完整。英汉两种语言在名词、代词、连词、介词和冠词的使用方法上也存在很大差别。英语中代词使 用频率较高，凡说到人的器官和归某人所有的或与某人有关的事物时，必须在前面加上物主代词。因此，在汉译英时需要增补物主代词，而在英译汉时又需要根据情 况适当地删减。英语词与词、词组与词组以及句子与句子的逻辑关系一般用连词来表示，而汉语则往往通过上下文和语序来表示这种关系。因此，在汉译英时常常需 要增补连词。英语句子离不开介词和冠词。另外，在汉译英时还要注意增补一些原文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语，以确保译文意思的完 整。总之，通过增译，一是保证译文语法结构的完整，二是保证译文意思的明确。

　　It refers to adding some words, short sentences or sentences to the translation according to the different ways of thinking, language habits and expressions of English and Chinese, so as to more accurately express the meaning contained in the original text. This method is mostly used in Chinese translation of miles. There are more Chinese sentences without subjects, while English sentences generally have subjects. Therefore, when translating Chinese sentences without subjects, except for a few English sentences without subjects, passive voice or "there be In addition to the translation of structure, the subject should be added according to the context to make the sentence complete. There are also great differences in the use of nouns, pronouns, conjunctions, prepositions and articles between English and Chinese. Pronouns are frequently used in English. When it comes to human organs and things owned by or related to someone, the possessive pronoun must be added before it. Therefore, it is necessary to add the subject pronoun in C-E translation, and to delete it appropriately according to the situation. The logical relations between English words, phrases and phrases, and sentences and sentences are generally expressed by conjunctions, while in Chinese, such relations are often expressed by context and word order. Therefore, conjunctions are often needed in Chinese English translation. Prepositions and articles are indispensable in English sentences. In addition, when translating Chinese into English, we should pay attention to adding some implicit but not explicit words and some general and explanatory words to ensure the integrity of the translation meaning. In a word, adding one meaning to the translation is to guarantee the integrity of the translation.

　　二、省译法

　　2、 Omission translation

　　这是与增译法相对应的一种翻译方法，即删去不符合目标语思维习惯、语言习惯和表达方式的词，以避免译文累赘。增译法的例句反之即可。

　　This is a translation method corresponding to the addition method, that is to delete words that do not conform to the thinking habits, language habits and expressions of the target language, so as to avoid unnecessary translation. The example sentence of addition translation method is the opposite.

　　三、转换法

　　3、 Conversion method

　　指翻译过程中为了使译文符合目标语的表述方式、方法和习惯而对原句中的词类、句型和 语态等进行转换。具体的说，就是在词性方面，把名词转换为代词、形容词、动词;把动词转换成名词、形容词、副词、介词;把形容词转换成副词和短语。在句子 成分方面，把主语变成状语、定语、宾语、表语;把谓语变成主语、定语、表语;把定语变成状语、主语;把宾语变成主语。在句型方面，把并列句变成复合句，把 复合句变成并列句，把状语从句变成定语从句。在语态方面，可以把主动语态变为被动语态。

　　It refers to the conversion of parts of speech, sentence pattern and voice in the original sentence in order to make the translation conform to the expression mode, method and habit of the target language. Specifically, in terms of part of speech, it is to transform nouns into pronouns, adjectives and verbs, verbs into nouns, adjectives, adverbs and prepositions, and adjectives into adverbs and phrases. In terms of sentence elements, the subject is changed into adverbial, attributive, object and predicative; the predicate is changed into subject, attribute and predicative; the attribute is changed into adverbial and subject; and the object is turned into subject. In the aspect of sentence pattern, the coordinate sentence should be changed into a compound sentence, a compound sentence into a coordinate sentence, and an adverbial clause into an attributive clause. In the aspect of voice, the active voice can be changed into the passive voice.

　　四、正译法和反译法

　　4、 Positive translation and reverse translation

　　正译法和反译法：这两种方法通常用于汉译英，偶尔也用于英译汉。所谓正译，是指把句子按照 与汉语相同的语序或表达方式译成英语。所谓反译则是指把句子按照与汉语相反的语序或表达方式译成英语。正译与反译常常具有同义的效果，但反译往往更符合英 语的思维方式和表达习惯。因此比较地道。

　　The two methods are usually used for C-E translation and occasionally for E-C translation. The so-called correct translation refers to the translation of sentences into English in the same word order or expression as Chinese. The so-called reverse translation refers to the translation of sentences into English according to the word order or expression mode opposite to Chinese. The former and the latter are often synonymous, but the latter is more in line with the English way of thinking and expression habits. So it's more authentic.